UD aims to reduce its carbon footprint by adjusting temperatures. FREAS will maintain set temperatures during heating season between 68-70°F and during cooling season between 74-76°F. (UDAILY)
Tag: Weekly Safety Message 48
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A Sense of Community
UDPD has a community resource unit (CRU.) CRU focuses on building trust through proactive policing, safety education and fostering positive relationships throughout the community of Newark. CRU aims to bridge the gap between officers and civilians. (UDAILY)
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Hazardous Chemicals- Four Routes of Entry
Hazardous Chemicals- Four Routes of Entry
Chemicals exist on virtually every single worksite. Many chemicals used on the job are hazardous to humans depending on how an individual comes into contact with them as well as the amount of the chemical they are exposed to. Employees need to understand the chemicals they are exposed to and the possible routes of entry. There are four ways a chemical or substance can enter the human body. These four routes of exposure include inhalation, absorption, ingestion, and injection.
The Four Routes of Entry
(source: www.ehs.unl.edu)1. Inhalation– Inhalation is the most common route of entry a person comes into contact with a chemical. Once inhaled, chemicals are either exhaled or deposited in the respiratory tract. Upon contact with tissue in the upper respiratory tract or lungs, chemicals may cause health effects ranging from simple irritation to severe tissue destruction. The chemical can also go onto affecting organs that are sensitive to the chemical.
2. Absorption– Getting chemicals onto the skin or eyes can result in redness and irritation all the way to severe destruction of tissue or blindness. The eyes are especially sensitive to chemicals. Some chemicals have the ability to pass through the skin and get into the bloodstream of a victim. This can lead to systemic problems in the organs.
3. Ingestion– Chemicals that inadvertently get into the mouth and are swallowed do not generally harm the gastrointestinal tract itself unless they are irritating or corrosive. Some chemicals can be absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract, where they enter the bloodstream. Once in the bloodstream, they can cause damage to the organs.
4. Injection– Though not common, injection of chemicals into the body can occur. A sharp object can be contaminated with a chemical or substance and penetrate the skin. The chemical is then in the body and can make its way into the bloodstream, where it can damage organs or other tissue.
Safe Work Practices When Working with Chemicals
- Know the chemicals you are working with. Read the SDS to understand the safe handling procedures and what to do if you come into contact with the chemical.
- Eliminate chemical hazards where possible. Do not use extremely hazardous chemicals unless absolutely necessary. Substitute a less hazardous chemical in place of a more hazardous chemical.
- Engineer chemical hazards out of the workplace. Engineering controls include ventilation such as fans, barriers to create distance, or a shield from chemicals, filters, etc.
- Wear the correct PPE to protect yourself from the chemical. PPE such as respirators, goggles, a face shield, chemical gloves, and a lab coat are some examples of creating barriers between your body and a chemical.
Discussion point
Also, think about your family. If you are not practicing good hygiene, you could be bringing chemicals home with you and exposing family members to them. For example, there is lead dust on the floor of a work area you are often in. You walk through the floor all day, and then when you go home, you do not take off your shoes, and you walk around on your carpet. Your baby son crawls on the carpet, inhaling and possibly ingesting the lead dust leading to health problems for him.
Take preventive measures to clean your clothes and other items that you take home with you.
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Fire Watch General Safety
Fire Watch General Safety
Fortunately, there are many safeguards that can assist in preventing these incidents. Utilizing fire watch personnel during hot work activities is one effective safeguard in preventing fires.What is a Fire Watch?
Fire watch personnel are responsible for keeping flammable materials away from ignition sources and watching for sparks, embers, or other possible ignition sources that could start a fire. If a fire occurs, the fire watch will attempt to extinguish it or will sound a fire alarm. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and NFPA require fire watchers in various situations. Your employer will determine when fire watch personnel is required.
General Fire Watch Requirements
- Fire watchers are required to have fire extinguishing equipment readily available and be trained in its use. They should try to extinguish fires when within the capacity of the equipment available. Otherwise, they should sound the alarm.
- Fire watchers are required to be familiar with facilities for sounding an alarm in the event of a fire.
- Fire watchers should refrain from all other job duties.
- According to the NFPA 51B standard, fire watchers must remain on the scene for 60 minutes after work is complete. The fire watch may need to stay on-site longer, depending on the conditions of the worksite.
Fire Watch Best Practices
- Always read, understand, and maintain the conditions stated on the hot work permit.
- Inspect the work area before and after each shift for the potential release of flammable liquids or vapors.
- Keep flammable materials away from ignition sources.
- Maintain communication with workers in the area.
- Stop operations immediately if you identify a hazard.
- Know the wind direction to understand where sparks and open flames will blow.
- Never leave the work area while hot work is going on. If you must go, stop the job, and notify the workers.
- Return all firefighting equipment to their permanent housing following each work shift.
Summary
Fire watchers have a critical job that can save lives, prevent injuries, and preserve property. For this reason, they need to receive training on various topics, such as the use of fire extinguishers, the hazards with fire watch duties, the use of personal protective equipment, etc. By staying alert, following assigned job tasks, and keeping flammable materials away from ignition sources, fire watchers help ensure the safety of everyone around them. If you identify hazards or unsafe acts during hot work activities, you should stop work immediately and notify a supervisor.
Discussion points:
1. How many feet must combustible materials be from the point of operation?
2. How should a fire watcher react in the event of a fire?
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The Courage of Character
UD Alumni Chris Christie received the University’s Medal of Distinction from UD’s President Assanis and UD Board of Trustees member John Cochran at annual Soles Lecture. Chris Christie speech was about the courage of character. (UDAILY)
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Coast Day 2024
Enjoy Coast Day October 6, 2025, from 10am to 3pm at Hugh R. Sharp Campus in Lewes. This annual event involves UD student engagement and community outreach. College of Earth, Ocean and Environment will highlight cutting edge research. (UDAILY)
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UD Continues to Rank Among Nation’s Best
According to US News, University of Delaware ranked 86th among 434 national universities and 44th among the top 225 public schools. The Wall Street Journal/College Pulse ranked UD 26th among 500 nationwide colleges and universities. (UDAILY)
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Habits and Safety
Habits and Safety
We all have habits that we follow on a daily or weekly basis. These habits have a major effect on our life. They also affect the choices we make at work. The choice to follow a safety procedure on any given day could be affected by a habit you have had for years.
Your Daily Habits
Think about the habits you follow every single day. Start with waking up. Did you hit the snooze button once or twice? Do you do this every day? What about breakfast? Did you cook in the house, or did you stop at the same gas station you do every day to grab a quick bite to eat? Most likely, the choices that you have made from the point you woke up, to right now in this safety meeting, are the same choices you make every single day. These daily choices are your habits.
How Habits Work
According to Charles Duhigg, who is the author of the book The Power of Habit
, there is a “habit loop.” The habit loop he describes in his book is a three-part process. The first part of the process is the cue or trigger, the second is the routine or behavior itself, and the third is the reward.
Let us take the example of you repeatedly hitting the snooze button and look at it as a bad habit you want to break. We will discuss the habit by looking at Duhigg’s habit loop. The trigger of this habit would be your alarm going off in the morning. While the alarm is blaring, your mind tells you it is okay to hit the snooze button and continue sleeping because, in the past, you have done it. Hitting the snooze button would be the behavior. The reward would be getting more sleep. To break this habit, you would need to change one of the three components.Looking at the routine first, maybe changing the location of your alarm to a location where you would have to get out of bed would work in breaking the habit. The alarm going off is still the trigger, but you have changed the routine by having to physically get out of bed, making it less likely you will go back to sleep. Another option to help break the habit is experiencing a different reward which would be having more time in the morning. By not hitting the snooze button repeatedly, you will experience a new reward of more time and less rush in the mornings before work. This reward alone over time may lead you to curve the habit of hitting snooze.
Not all habits are easy to break, but you get the point.
Habits and Safety on the Job
Your habits may be leading you to consistently take shortcuts and not follow safety procedures. Are there certain safety procedures you always follow and others that you rarely follow? For example, you are a welder, and every single day you complete your JSA, but many days there are times you choose not to lower your helmet while welding. Why do you choose to follow one safety procedure but not the other? Maybe you complete your JSA every day because you have to turn it in at the end of the day, and you have learned that it gets reviewed.
The reward would be not getting disciplined by a supervisor, so you choose to do the JSA every day. On the other hand, you choose not to lower your welding helmet because it is hard to see through, and you know supervisors rarely enter your work area. The reward is that you feel it is quicker to do the task, you can see better, and you have not been injured yet. In your mind, there is no consequence that will most likely come that is more negative than the reward you receive from not putting the helmet down, so you continue the behavior.
Summary
Pay attention to the habits you hold on to and how they affect you daily. How many of these habits are positive ones, and how many are negative? Look at the choices you make at work, and if they lead to negative behaviors, then look at changing them. By addressing the trigger or experiencing a different reward for your behaviors, you may find a way to change bad habits.
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COVID-19, Flu Shot Clinics
University of Delaware will have 3 clinic locations throughout campus September 23, 2024, through November 15, 2024. UD students, faculty, staff, and families can receive COVID-19 vaccinations and/or flu shots. Bring ID and health insurance card. (UDAILY)
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Why Zero Injuries is a Bad Safety Goal
Why Zero Injuries is a Bad Safety Goal
Many companies set safety goals each year. These goals often incorporate the idea of having no accidents or injuries. Common slogans for these goals include things like “Zero Harm”, “Zero Injuries”, “Goal Zero”, and so forth. There are several issues with these types of goals, which are explored below.
Why a Zero Injury Goal is Not Enough on its Own
Setting a safety goal of zero injuries is fine to do, but employees should not only have that sole goal as their only guiding principle when it comes to safety. By setting a broad safety goal of zero injuries, and when especially tying a bonus to hitting this goal, you can discourage employees from working safely at all. This is especially true if a bonus is tied to having zero injuries over a long time period and an injury occurs at the beginning of the year, month, quarter, etc.
The goal of zero injuries over an entire year, or even for just over a month for large workforces, can seem out of reach and out of the individual employees’ control. The employees may feel powerless to contribute to the goal. These types of goals also do not provide any tangible actions or behaviors that the employees can strive for in order to hit the goal.
These goals can also encourage employees not to report injuries, which is a significant issue.
Real World Example
Let’s imagine you are right out of high school, and you are hired to do an entry-level job in a chemical processing plant. During orientation, you are told that the company cares about safety and that there is a large bonus for all employees if there are no injuries. You think to yourself, “Great!”. But after a short safety overview training session, no other feedback is provided on what working safely truly looks like.
Even if you want to work safely, you might not understand what actions you need to take to do so. Hopefully, the safety training that is provided covers these actions, but if the company incorporates smaller safety goals/rewards relating to individual employee actions, then the employees will have a better understanding of what to strive for. This is especially important if there is a safety incentive program in place.
It is vital to set clear goals that are specific to the workforce that reinforces working safely every single day. Incentivizing employees to follow safe work practices and to go beyond just following the safety rules can be an effective way to reduce the risk of injuries occurring.
Proactive Versus Reactive Safety Goals
A safety goal of zero injuries is reactive, meaning it is solely focusing on a particular outcome instead of being proactive to encourage specific behaviors and actions that will help lead to the ultimate goal of reducing the risk of injuries. To further clarify this idea, there are examples provided below of reactive versus proactive safety goals.
Reactive Safety Goals/Incentives Examples
- Zero injuries over any time period.
- “Free Pizza Fridays” when employees do not have an injury during a work week.
- A monetary bonus for not having any injuries or accidents.
Proactive Safety Goals/Incentives Examples
- Rewarding or recognizing employees for consistently wearing required PPE.
- Rewarding or recognizing employees for consistently completing required safety paperwork.
- Rewarding employees for zero findings during a work area inspection.
- Rewarding or recognizing employees for turning in a specific number of hazards over a specific time period.
A company can still set a goal of zero injuries, but there should be small actions and goals targeted over shorter time periods that reward or focus on proactive behaviors. By doing so, employees understand what is expected from them that will assist in reaching the ultimate goal of reducing the risk of injuries.
Incentivize Proactive Behaviors
As mentioned above, there are many different specific behaviors and actions that a company can target to encourage all employees to work safely. By doing so, employees understand what needs to be done to ensure their own safety as well as the employees around them. These tangible, specific, and easy-to-understand goals also can help make the employees feel that they can impact the outcome of the goals.
Make the Rewarded Actions or Goals Specific
Safety rewards and goals should be specific to the challenges and issues the company is facing. For larger companies, the goals should be tailored to individual divisions or segments of the operation.
For example, if a manufacturing company wants to reduce the number of auto accidents that it is having, it is great to reward the drivers and dispatchers for specific behaviors and actions that will reduce the risk of accidents.
However, if a blanket safety bonus is tied to not having any auto accidents for all employees, then the program is not rewarding proactive behaviors, and it also leaves out warehouse workers who do not have any control over this outcome from striving towards a safer workplace.
Real World Example
To assist in further clarifying the idea of making specific and targeted goals/rewards around motivating employees to work safely, we will use an example scenario. A manufacturing company has its safety committee review its injuries over a five-year period. They find that many of their injuries are caused in part by poor housekeeping in work areas. They decide to reward the warehouse employees for several specific actions each month. The rewards are as follows:
- Any employee who turns in a hazard to the safety department will be entered into a raffle for a gift card.
- Any employee who turns in an idea to improve the safety of their work area will be entered into a raffle for a gift card.
- All employees will get the monthly bonus if no housekeeping or organization-related issues are found during work area inspections.
These rewards are specific and empower the employees to take accountability for their work and work areas. Even if there is a larger goal of zero injuries, these smaller goals and rewards give the employees specific safe behaviors to strive for. All of the examples above can assist in achieving the ultimate goal of having fewer injuries.
They also provide motivation for the employees to work safely every single day, even if there is an injury on the first day of the new year. Otherwise, if a safety bonus is tied to not having any injuries and one occurs, then there is no incentive for the employees to go above and beyond when it comes to safety efforts.
There does not always have to be rewards or bonuses to get employees to take specific actions. Disciplinary action for not following the rules or participating in the safety program can be effective. Even just taking time to recognize individual employees or entire work crews can motivate employees to take certain actions. That being said, safety bonuses/rewards can go much further in motivating employees as well as help put a positive spin on participating in the safety efforts.
Some companies are fearful of putting any safety incentive program in place because they do not understand OSHA’s stance on these programs.
What OSHA Says About Safety Incentive Programs
A 2012 report published by the Government Accountability Office (GAO) found that rate-based safety incentive programs, which reward workers for achieving low rates of reported injuries or illnesses, may discourage reporting of injuries and illnesses.
In the past, OSHA provided guidance that discouraged employers from rewarding employees with cash bonuses, “free pizza Fridays,” and other incentives for successfully meeting low injury rates. OSHA reasoned that employees would be so motivated by the bonus that they would withhold information about their own or others’ injuries to keep the rates low and be rewarded with the incentive prize.
In an interview, a former assistant secretary of labor for OSHA, David Michaels, stated that “No one avoids getting hurt simply to get a prize at the end of the week or a bonus”, and that “giving out prizes or bonuses doesn’t prevent injuries. They discourage injured workers from reporting their injuries. Workers do not need bonuses to work safely. They need safe workplaces.”
Many employers felt that these OSHA policies were getting in the way of effective and important safety programs.
However, in 2018 OSHA issued a memorandum clarifying its position on incentive programs. OSHA stated that it believes that many employers who implement safety incentive programs do so to promote workplace safety and health. OSHA stated that action taken under a safety incentive program would only violate the OSHA rule “if the employer took action to penalize an employee for reporting a work-related injury or illness rather than for the legitimate purpose of promoting workplace safety and health.”
The new guidance stated that safety incentive programs are retaliatory and unlawful only if they seek “to penalize an employee for reporting a work-related injury or illness rather than for the legitimate purpose of promoting workplace safety and health.”
OSHA’s memo also stated that rate-based incentive programs are permissible “as long as they are not implemented in a manner that discourages reporting.” The agency said that it will not cite an employer who takes a negative action against an employee under a rate-based incentive program—withholding a prize or a bonus due to a reported injury, for example—“as long as the employer has implemented adequate precautions to ensure that employees feel free to report an injury or illness.”
Summary
Having a goal of zero injuries is admirable. As discussed above, these goals on their own are not enough to be effective. They can also be problematic and harm a company’s safety program. Challenge the status quo when it comes to safety goals.
Ask yourself:
- Are our goals realistic?
- Are our goals or targets proactive or reactive?
- Are we targeting the correct behaviors and actions that will lead us to have fewer injuries/incidents?
- Are individual employees rewarded or recognized for working safely?
- Do employees understand what is required of them?
By answering these questions honestly, you can begin to craft safety goals and safety incentives (if applicable) that will assist in having fewer injuries and incidents.